《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(12): 1811-1818

植物补偿性光合作用的发生模式及生理机制分析

赵威^*, 李亚鸽, 王艳杰

河南科技大学农学院(牡丹学院), 河南洛阳471023

通信作者：赵；E-mail: zhwibcas@163.com

摘　要：

自然界中绿色植物的光合作用过程常受到光照强度、环境温度、水分状况、叶龄、叶绿素含量等多种因素的影响, 这些因素决定着光合作用的速率、强度以及变化规律。其中有一种特殊的光合作用现象常发生于植物枝叶受损等一定外界干扰之后, 称之为补偿性光合作用。本文总结分析了诱导植物产生补偿性光合作用现象的几种干扰模式, 不同处理模式下植物产生的光合作用过程变化, 以及不同生活型植物的补偿性光合作用差异。综合多项研究可知, 植物补偿性光合作用现象的发生与否、发生时间、发生程度、持续时间与外界干扰的强弱、干扰模式、物种差异以及测定方法等存在显著关联, 同时植物进行光合作用补偿的生理机制也存在较大差异, 具体表现为叶片氮含量丰富、可溶性蛋白含量与叶绿素含量增加、气孔导度升高、物质分配方式改变以及营养吸收增强等。全面综述此项研究成果, 可为进一步深入探究补偿性光合作用现象的产生条件、生理与分子机理奠定一定理论基础。

关键词：补偿性光合作用; 枝叶去除干扰模式; 模拟牧食; 补偿生长; 生态适应性

收稿：2016-09-29   修定：2016-11-21

资助：NSFC-河南人才培养联合基金(U1304306)和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题(XDA05050400)。

The occurrence patterns and physiological mechanism analysis of plant compensatory photosynthesis

ZHAO Wei^*, LI Ya-Ge, WANG Yan-Jie

College of Agriculture (College of Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China

Corresponding author: ZHAO Wei; E-mail: zhwibcas@163.com

Abstract:

The photosynthetic process of green plants in nature is often influenced by various ecological factors such as light intensity, environmental temperature, water status, leaf age and chlorophyll content, which can determine the plant’s photosynthetic rate, intensity and variation tendency. A special phenomenon of photosynthetic fluctuation often occurs when plants were subjected to some external disturbances such as grazing and defoliation, which is defined as compensatory photosynthesis. This paper summarized several disturbance patterns that induced the occurrence of plant compensatory photosynthesis, changes of photosynthetic process under different treatment patterns, and the difference of compensatory photosynthesis in various plants life-forms. The important conclusion that previous studies have proved is that the occurrence or not and occurrence time, degree, duration of plant compensatory photosynthesis have a significant relationship with external disturbance levels, disturbance patterns, species variation and measured methods. Equally important, the physiological mechanisms of photosynthetic compensation have a great difference in different plant species and the richness of leaf nitrogen content, enlargement of soluble protein and chlorophyll content, increase of stomatal conductance, change of material distribution mode and enhancement of nutrient absorption were demonstrated in many related studies. A comprehensive review about this study can help us to establish a theoretical foundation for further investigating the occurrence conditions and finding out the physiological or molecular mechanisms of compensatory photosynthesis in plants.

Key words: compensatory photosynthesis; disturbance pattern of defoliation; simulated grazing; compensatory growth; ecological adaptability1